The Cipher Bureau: A Poland Travel and History Blog

Discover Poland's past and present through the Poland at War Tours blog. From travel tips and recommendations to deep dives into lesser-known aspects of Poland's wartime story — the best of Polish history and travel, all in one place.

Explore Our WW2 Blog and Polish Travel Articles

The Saints of WW2: Maximilian Kolbe, Edith Stein, and Titus Brandsma

The stories of the saints of World War II — Kolbe, Edith Stein, and Titus Brandsma — and the many blesseds who chose courage and conscience under Nazi rule.

Why Were Most Concentration Camps Located in Poland?

Understand the historical, geographical, and logistical reasons behind the location of most Nazi concentration and extermination camps in Poland.

What is the Wolf’s Lair in Poland?

The Wolf’s Lair (German: Wolfsschanze; Polish: Wilczy Szaniec) is the name given to Hitler’s easternmost wartime HQ. Located in the Masurian forests of what was then East Prussia, the colossal...

Dietrich Bonhoeffer: Faith and Resistance

The story of Dietrich Bonhoeffer — born in Breslau (Wrocław), executed by the Nazis, remembered in Poland for his faith, resistance, and moral courage.

Yvonne Hagnauer: The Woman Who Saved Marcel Marceau

The story of Yvonne Hagnauer, the French teacher who sheltered Jewish children and was named Righteous Among the Nations.

Maria Kotarba: The Righteous Among the Nations “Mother” of Auschwitz

In Auschwitz, Maria Kotarba risked everything for compassion. Learn how this Polish resistance fighter became known as the “Mother of Auschwitz.”

War and Memory: Highlights from Our 14-Day Tour of Poland

Join us on a 14-day WWII tour of Poland as we trace the story of war, loss, and renewal across key historical sites – from Gdańsk and Warsaw to Auschwitz.

Nazi Germany’s War on Polish Intellectuals: Intelligenzaktion and AB-Aktion

Learn about how Nazi Germany sought to destroy Poland’s leadership class through Intelligenzaktion and AB-Aktion (1939–1940).

Our Must-Visit Places in Toruń

Explore the top cultural and historical sites in Toruń, Poland — from medieval ruins and Gothic architecture to WWII fortifications. Find out more…

Must-Visit Cultural and Historical Sites in Bydgoszcz

Explore the best cultural and historical sites in Bydgoszcz, Poland—from WWII tunnels and Gothic cathedrals to riverside museums and the sleek modernity of Opera Nova.

WWII Sites to Visit in Łódź

Discover WWII sites in Łódź, Poland — from the Litzmannstadt Ghetto and Radegast Station to Survivors’ Park and more. Find out more…

5 Must-Visit Historical Sites in Warsaw (Updated 2025)

Join Poland at War Tours as we select 5 of our favorite historical sites in Warsaw – from medieval royal residences to the Uprising of 1944...
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Damien Stewart, Historian and Guide on Our WW2 Trips in Poland

Hosted by psychologist and historian Damien Stewart, these WWII tours in Poland guide you through Poland's storied past

Damien’s passion for the story of Poland during the Second World War has developed beyond the creation of Poland at War Tours and become a professional pursuit. He puts all of this passion into planning every WW2 trip in Poland, both for people travelling solo and for those looking for a Poland group tour.

Damien has had an interest in military history since he was a little boy and in 2018